Blackman and eastop 1984 provide taxonomic keys for a. Knowledge of their ecologically adaptive mechanisms at the molecular level may provide an essential and urgent method to effectively control this pest. The cotton aphids aphis gossypii, which are about 11. Report of the department of agriculture government research institute formosa 20. We investigated lethal and premortality effects of beauveria bassiana and metarhizium brunneum on aphis gossypii. The cottonmelon aphid, aphis gossypii glover hemiptera. As expected, this has resulted in many articles dealing with methods of controlling this insect. Aphis gossypii is a major pest of cotton and other crops, and a common pest of gardens. Damage to a few of these crops is due to direct feeding, but for most of these crops its impact is through its role. Usdaaphis biotechnology regulatory services user guide.
Worldwide, several studies have shown that adaptation to different host plants in phytophagous insects can promote speciation. During spring and summer, the parthenogenetic population expands rapidly, resulting in a high nutrient consumption of the host plant. Biological control of cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover in cotton. Tai yimei, fu yang, yang benli, chen guohua, tao mei, 2004. Since winters in hawaii are mild, there is no need for an over wintering egg stage. Among cucurbits, cucumber and watermelon are most likely to be infested, followed by squash and pumpkin. Parasitism usually causes considerable changes in lipids and fatty acids by redirecting the development of the host. Pdf effect of temperature on development and fecundity. Identification, biology, distribution, host plants, natural enemies, damage caused. Insecticide susceptibility was determined by performing bioassays and using the seedlingtreatment. Mar 31, 2014 aphis gossypii is one of the most biologically diverse and widely distributed aphid species. Biological sciences genetic aspects identification and classification physiological aspects aphids biological pest control biosecurity cytochrome oxidase pests biological control transfer rna. Tests were conducted in a climate chamber at 25 2c, with relative humidity rh at 70 10%, and a. Aphis gossypii is an important cosmopolitan pest on malvaceae and cucurbitaceae plants carletto et al.
Molecular and morphological differentiation between aphis gossypii glover hemiptera, aphididae and related species, with particular reference to the north american midwest. Molecular and morphological differentiation between aphis. Aphis gossypii glover is a major pest of cotton and can severely affect cotton yield and lint quality. The distribution of sulfoxaflor in cotton roots, stems, leaves, and aphids, as well as its effects on two natural enemies of. Pdf biology and reproduction parameters of aphis gossypii glover. Appearance of aphis gossypii glover and aphis spiraecola patch rhynchota. Aphis gossypii glover is a widely recognised economically important aphid species and invites attention of several workers of diverse fields. In aphis gossypii bottom the cauda is pale to dusky and has two or three pairs of setae, in aphis spiraecola top the cauda is dark brown to black and has five or six pairs of setae. Aphis gossypii is a tiny insect, an aphid greenfly in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order hemiptera.
The developmental time, survivorship and reproduction of aphis gossypii glover was evaluated on detached cucumber leaves at nine constant temperatures ranging from 151c to 351c in 2. Aphis gossypii is a tiny insect or greenfly in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order hemiptera. Aphis gossypii wikibooks, open books for an open world. In temperate climates aphis gossypii is considered an important pest of greenhouse crops such as cucurbits, and ornamentals such as begonia and calla lily zantedeschia aethiopica. Aphididae, is a polyphagous species with a worldwide distribution and a variety of biotypes. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Biological control of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover hom. One means of identifying them is by examining the cauda.
There are approximately 4700 species of aphids, phytophagous insects of which a small subset of about 100 are agricultural crop pests. Growth and fatty acid metabolism of aphis gossypii. Outdoors aphis gossypii is a pest of hypericum androsaemum and hypericum inodorum. Effect of temperature on development and fecundity of aphis. Favret, 2011, aphis capsellae kaltenbach 1843 has priority over aphis gossypii glover 1877.
The green peach aphid, myzus persicae, is a vector for more than 110 plant viruses. Integrated pest m anagem ent studies of the cotton aphid, aphis. Color polymorphism does not affect species diagnosis of the melon aphid, aphis gossypii hemiptera. Jan 06, 2016 the cottonmelon aphid, aphis gossypii glover hemiptera. All of these belong to the families aphidinae and aphididae. In this study, the efficacy of sulfoxaflor applied via drip irrigation and foliar spray on controlling cotton aphids was evaluated in 2016 and 2017 in xinjiang, china. The objective of this study was to apply a biological control program on cucumber crop under greenhouse conditions, using biological control.
The cotton or melon aphid attacks a wide variety of plants. Melon aphids are softbodied, pearshaped, and pale to darkgreen in cool seasons spring and yellow in hot, dry summers. Usda aphis biotechnology regulatory services user guide notification v. Insect biochemistry and molecular biology special issue. Color polymorphism does not affect species diagnosis of the. Part of the developments in plant pathology book series dipp, volume 14.
Other aphids are similar in appearance to aphis gossypii glover, the melon or cotton aphid. A neonicotinoidresistant aphis gossypii glover population was first detected from cucumber and sweet pepper crops in miyazaki prefecture, japan, in april 2012. Aphis gossypii dataset gbif backbone taxonomy rank species published in takahashi, r. This aphid is globally distributed, located in all but the coldest terrestrial habitats. Smith and parron 1978 have compiled a comprehensive list. Melon or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii specialized websites. The cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover is a worldwide agricultural pest that feeds on cotton, melon, and other landscape plants, causing a high level of economic loss. On the control of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glov. Aphis gossypii is a tiny insect, an aphid greenfly in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order.
Draft genome of the cotton aphid aphis gossypii sciencedirect. This book provides a definitive reference volume on the biology of aphids, their pest status, and how to control them. Aphidini, is a highly polyphagous species, but its populations increase by parthenogenetic reproduction alone in indian subcontinent. Integrated pest management studies of the cotton aphid, aphis. A manual of the insects of the hawaiian islands, including enumeration of the species and notes on their origin, distribution, hosts, parasites, etc. Typically, the overwintering host is the plant where eggs are laid and the aphid completes a sexual reproductive phase. However, because of the high growth rates of aphid populations, it is unlikely that. Developmental periods of immature stages ranged from 10. Chemical ecology, pheromones, pheromone, moth, moths, insect, sex, attractants, attractant, sexattractants, insects, entomology, behaviour, behavior, lepidoptera.
Biological aspects of aphis gossypii glover, 1877 hemiptera. The melon aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is considered one of the most destructive aphids in the united states, attacking at least 64 plant species, including several cucurbit crops and cotton blackman and eastop 1985. Melon aphid or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover insecta. Effect of temperature on development and fecundity of. In addition to the common characteristics shared with other aphids, ap.
One aphid commonly confused with the cotton aphid is the spirea aphid, aphis spiraecola patch. Title, biological control of cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover in cotton intercropping systems in china. Though winged forms develop periodically, most adults are wingless and about 2. Pdf biology and ecology of aphis gossypii glover homoptera. One other species commonly encountered is aphis spiraecola patch, the. Some vegetable hosts include asparagus, beans, beet, cowpeas, cucurbits, eggplant, okra, spinach, and tomato. Cotton aphids aphis gossypii often infect sugarcane, papaya and peanuts with viruses. Pdf biology and ecology of aphis gossypii homoptera. In this study, we determined the insecticide susceptibility of five fieldcollected populations of a. The species has a broad host range and can damage various crops, including those in cucurbitaceae, malvaceae, solanaceae, and rutaceae as well as some ornamental plants such as. Aphids represent one of the worlds major insect pests, causing serious economic damage to a range of temperate and tropical crops. Les depredateurs du cotonnier en afrique tropicale et dans le reste du monde. Most aphid pests are in the subfamily aphidinae, including the closely related species of aphis glycines and aphis gossypii, which have different natural histories.
Insects free fulltext sulfoxaflor applied via drip. Aphis gossypii glover is a destructive pest of over two dozen crops world wide. Aphididae, an important pest in glasshouse cucumber crops, were studied at 20, 25 and 30 c on two cucumber cultivars cucumis sativus l. North china is a traditional agricultural area with abundant winter and summer hosts of a. Biological control of cotton aphidaphis gossypii glover in cotton inter cropping systems in. Other species that greenhouse growers may encounter. The cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is a destructive insect pest worldwide. A very wide range of field and ornamental as well as vegetable crops may be infested by this pest. Common names include cotton aphid, melon aphid and melon and cotton aphid. Abstract the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is an increasing problem in glasshouse vegetables. Damage to a few of these crops is due to direct feeding, but for most of these crops its impact is through its role as a virus vector. It includes approximately 30 specially commissioned.
Aphis gossypii academic dictionaries and encyclopedias. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Top of page in the aphis frangulae group to which a. Growth and fatty acid metabolism of aphis gossypii parasitized by the parasitic wasp lysiphlebia japonica xueke gao research base, anyang institute of technology, state key laboratory of cotton biology institute of cotton research, chinese academy of agricultural sciences, anyang, henan 455000, china. Studies on the quantity dynamic of pear aphids and their natural enemy in kunming region. Morphological discrimination of aphis gossypii hemiptera. Host races of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, in asexual. It is economically important and belongs to a group of closely related species that has challenged aphid taxonomy. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. There are many types species of aphids found in greenhouses. Color polymorphism does not affect species diagnosis of. Life table data for aphis gossypii glover homoptera. It is a widely distributed pest of a variety of agricultural crops in the families cucurbitaceae, rutaceae and malvaceae.
Insecticide susceptibility was determined by performing bioassays and using the. In addition, we evaluate the influence of density of gossypol glands and trichomes of leaves on the biology of the aphid. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page because of the great variability in the appearance of aphis gossypii and the number of plants it attacks, it has over 40 synonyms ilharco and harten, 1987. Thus the nominal species should be aphis capsellae kaltenbach 1843, the nominotypical subspecies should be aphis capsellae capsellae kaltenbach 1843, and the cotton aphid should be aphis capsellae gossypii glover 1877. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The recurrent theme centers around the importance of host plant influences. Cotton aphids present a similar lifecycle as other aphids species. The two most common species include the green peach aphid, myzus persicae and the melon or cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. Zacarias, in postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits. In plants which produce the phytoestrogen coumestrol, such as alfalfa, damage by aphids is. Results showed that the weight of parasitized aphis gossypii was increased compared to nonparasitized aphids, and significantly increased weights.
The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Effect of temperature on development and fecundity of aphis gossypii glover homoptera. Adw doesnt cover all species in the world, nor does it include all the latest scientific information about organisms we describe. In this study, changes in weight and in free fatty acid content of cotton aphids were recorded after aphids had been parasitized. Acyrthosiphon pisum adult amino acids annals ofapplied biology aphid aphid control aphid homoptera aphid populations aphid species aphididae aphidius aphis fabae aphis gossypii apterous barley behaviour biological control biotypes blackman bulletin of entomological bydv cereal aphids chapter clones coccinellidae colonies cotton crop protection. Influence of abiotic factors on some biological and ecological characteristics of the aphid. Polyphagism and polymorphic nature of this cosmopolitan aphid species always attracts attention of research workers across globe. Managing aphids in greenhouses wisconsin horticulture. In plants which produce the phytoestrogen coumestrol, such as alfalfa, damage by aphids is linked with higher concentrations of coumestrol. Jul 16, 2014 a neonicotinoidresistant aphis gossypii glover population was first detected from cucumber and sweet pepper crops in miyazaki prefecture, japan, in april 2012. The cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, is one of the most biologically diverse species of aphids. These range from grain crops and brassicas to potato, cotton, vegetable and fruit crops. Aphididae, is a polyphagous insect with a worldwide distribution that includes tropical, subtropical, and temperate areas 1, 2.
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